7 Aristotle does not affirm it as a fact observed by himself, but as a popular tradition (Hist. Anim. v. 19). Pliny is equally cautious (Hist. nat. xxix. 23). Dioscorides declared the thing impossible (ii. 68).-Saisset.

8 So Lucretius, ii. 1025:

Paulatim."

9 Alluded to by Moore in his Melodies:

To burn when night was near."

10 Aeneid, iv. 487-491.

11 See the same collocation of words in Cic. Nat. deor. ii. 3.

12 The etymologies given here by Augustine are, "monstra," a monstrando; "ostenta," ab ostendendo; "portenta," a portendendo, i.e. praeostendendo; "prodigia," quod porro dicant, i.e. futura praedicant.

13 Isa. lxvi. 24.

14 Mark ix. 43-48.

15 2 Cor. xi. 29.

16 Isa. li. 8.

17 Ecclus. vii. 17.

18 Rom. viii. 13.

19 1 Cor. xiii. 9, 10.

20 Matt. xxv. 41.

21 Luke xvi. 24.

22 Rev. xx. 10.

23 "Talio," i.e. the rendering of like for like, the punishment being exactly similar to the injury sustained.

24 Ex. xxi. 24.

25 Luke vi. 38.

26 Remanerent. But Augustine constantly uses the imp. for the plup. subjunctive.

27 Plato's own theory was that punishment had a twofold purpose, to reform and to deter. "No one punishes an offender on account of the past offense, and simply because he has done wrong, but for the sake of the future, that the offense may not be again committed, either by the same person or by any one who has seen him punished."-See the Protagoras, 324, b, and Grote's Plato, ii. 41.

28 Aeneid, vi. 733.

29 Job vii. 1.

30 Compare Goldsmith's saying, "We begin life in tears, and every day tells us why."

31 Ecclus. xl. 1.

32 2 Tim. ii. 19.

33 Rom. viii. 14.

34 Gal. v. 17.

35 "Fari."

36 See Aug. Ep. 98, ad Bonifacium.